This study examined associations of different types of screen media with symptom severity of different classes of sleep-wake disturbances.

Conclusion:
Greater screen media use was associated with longer sleep onset latency, shorter sleep duration, and increased severity of multiple types of sleep-wake disturbances.

This article discusses a study that found that keeping mobile phones in front pockets for more than four hours every day is associated with increased instances of poor sperm quality.

This study found that children with cell phone exposure had higher odds of migraines and headache-related symptoms than children without exposure.

Former director of the National Center for Environmental Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dr. Christopher Portier, believes there is a high probability that radio-frequency radiation from cell phones causes certain rare but often malignant brain tumors in humans.

Choi YJ, Moskowitz JM, Myung SK, Lee YR, Hong YC. Cellular Phone Use and Risk of Tumors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 2;17(21):8079. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17218079. PMID: 33147845; PMCID: PMC7663653.

Miller AB, Morgan LL, Udasin I, Davis DL. Cancer Epidemiology Update, following the 2011 IARC Evaluation of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields (Monograph 102). Environmental Research 2018; 167:673-83.

Hardell L, Carlberg M. Comments on the US National Toxicology Program technical reports on toxicology and carcinogenesis study in rats exposed to whole-body radiofrequency radiation at 900 MHz and in mice exposed to whole-body radiofrequency radiation at 1,900 MHz.Int J Oncol. 2019 Jan;54(1):111-127. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4606. Epub 2018 Oct 24. PMID: 30365129; PMCID: PMC6254861.

Carlberg M, Hardell L., Evaluation of Mobile Phone and Cordless Phone Use and Glioma Risk Using the Bradford Hill Viewpoints from 1965 on Association or Causation.Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:9218486. doi: 10.1155/2017/9218486. Epub

Coureau, G., et al. Mobile phone use and brain tumours in the CERENAT case-control study. Occup. Environ. Med, vol. 71, no. 7, 2014, pp. 514-22.

Luo, J.,Genetic susceptibility may modify the association between cell phone use and thyroid cancer: A population-based case-control study in Connecticut. Environ Res.2019 Dec 6;182:109013. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.109013.

Shih YW, Hung CS, Huang CC, Chou KR, Niu SF, Chan S, Tsai HT. The Association Between Smartphone Use and Breast Cancer Risk Among Taiwanese Women: A Case-Control Study.Cancer Manag Res. 2020 Oct 29;12:10799-10807. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S267415. PMID: 33149685; PMCID: PMC7605549.

West, J.G., et al. Multifocal Breast Cancer in Young Women with Prolonged Contact between Their Breasts and Their Cellular Phones. Case Rep Med. 2013, no. 354682.

Salivary Gland Tumors

Bortkiewicz, A., E. Gadzicka, and W. Szymczak. Mobile Phone Use and Risk for Intracranial Tumors and Salivary Gland Tumors – A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, vol. 30, no. 1, 2017, pp. 27–43.

Colorectal

Devra L Davis , Aaron M. Pilarcik and Anthony B. Miller, Increased Generational Risk of Colon and Rectal Cancer in Recent Birth Cohorts under Age 40 – the Hypothetical Role of Radiofrequency Radiation from Cell Phones, Annals of Gastroenterology and Digestive Disorders, 2020, PDF

Ozgur, Elcin, Kayhan, Handan, Kismali, Gorkem, Senturk, Fatih, Sensoz, Merve, Ozturk, Goknur Guler and Sel, Tevhide. “Effects of radiofrequency radiation on colorectal cancer cell proliferation and inflammation” Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, vol. 46, no. 5, 2021, pp. 525-532.
https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2020-0148

•  RFR increased apoptosis and inflammatory response in HCT116 cells, while lowering the active P38 and active P53 levels, which are indicators of poor prognosis in several cancers. Genetic differences, such as P53 mutation (DLD-1), are critical to the cell response to RFR, which explains the reason why scientific studies on the effects of RFR yield contradictory results.

Miller, A., Sears, M., Morgan, L., Davis, D., Hardell, L., Oremus, M., & Soskolne, C. (2019). Risks to Health and Well-Being From Radio-Frequency Radiation Emitted by Cell Phones and Other Wireless Devices. Frontiers In Public Health, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00223

Carlberg M, Hardell L. Decreased survival of glioma patients with astrocytoma grade IV (glioblastoma multiforme) associated with long-term use of mobile and cordless phones. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Oct 16;11(10):10790-805. doi: 10.3390/ijerph111010790.

Yang, M., et al. Mobile phone use and glioma risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, vol. 12, no. 5, 2017.

Carlberg M, Koppel T, Hedendahl LK, Hardell L. Is the Increasing Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in the Nordic Countries Caused by Use of Mobile Phones?Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 7;17(23):9129. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17239129. PMID: 33297463; PMCID: PMC7730276.

Carlberg M, Hedendahl L, Ahonen M, Koppel T, Hardell L. Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the Nordic countries with main focus on Swedish data. BMC Cancer. 2016;16:426. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2429-4.

Prasad, M., et al. Mobile phone use and risk of brain tumours: a systematic review of association between study quality, source of funding, and research outcomes. Neurological. Sciences., vol. 38, no. 5, 2017, pp. 797-810.

IARC Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Non-ionizing radiation, Part 2: Radiofrequency Electromagnetic fields. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer, vol. 102, 2013.

•  “Lyon, France, May 31, 2011 ‐‐ The WHO/International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B), based on an increased risk for glioma, a malignant type of brain cancer1, associated with wireless phone use.” as stated in the 2011 Press Release by the WHO IARC

Belyaev, I. Dependence of non–thermal biological effects of microwaves on physical and biological variables: implications for reproducibility and safety standards. In L. Giuliani, M.
 Soffritti (Eds.), European J. Oncol.—Library Non–Thermal Effects and Mechanisms of Interaction between Electromagnetic Fields and Living Matter, 5, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy, 2010, pp. 187–218 (An ICEMS Monograph).

Kostoff, Ronald N., and Clifford GY Lau. “Combined biological and health effects of electromagnetic fields and other agents in the published literature.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change vol. 80, no. 7, 2013, no. 1331-49.

Hardell L., World Health Organization, radiofrequency radiation and health – a hard nut to crack (Review).Int J Oncol. 2017 Aug;51(2):405-413.

Falcioni et al, Report of final results regarding brain and heart tumors in Sprague-dawley rats exposed from prenatal life until natural death to mobile phone radiofrequency field representative of a 1.8 ghz gsm base station environmental emission. Environmental Research, 2018.

Belpomme D, Hardell L, Belyaev I, Burgio E, Carpenter DO. Thermal and non-thermal health effects of low intensity non-ionizing radiation: An international perspective.Environ Pollut. 2018 Nov;242(Pt A):643-658. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.019. Epub 2018 Jul 6. PMID: 30025338.

National Toxicology Program (2018). NTP Technical Report on the Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies in Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD Rats Exposed to Whole-Body Radio Frequency Radiation at a Frequency (900 MHz) and Modulations (GSM and CDMA) Used by Cell Phones.NTP TR 595.

Lerchl, Alexander, et al. “Tumor promotion by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields below exposure limits for humans.”Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 459, no. 4, 2015, pp. 585-90.

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Mild KH. Case-control study of the association between malignant brain tumours diagnosed between 2007 and 2009 and mobile and cordless phone use.Int J Oncol. 2013 Dec;43(6):1833-45. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2111. Epub 2013 Sep 24. PMID: 24064953; PMCID: PMC3834325.

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K. Use of mobile phones and cordless phones is associated with increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma.Pathophysiology. 2013 Apr;20(2):85-110.

Cardis, E., et al. Risk of brain tumours in relation to estimated RF dose from mobile phones: results from five Interphone countries. Occup. Environ. Med., vol. 68, no. 9, 2011, pp. 631-40.

Carlberg, M., Hardell, L. On the association between glioma, wireless phones, heredity and ionising radiation. Pathophysiology, vol. 19, no. 4, 2012, pp. 243-52.

Carlberg, M., Hardell, L. Use of mobile and cordless phones and survival of patients with glioma. Neuroepidemiology, vol. 40, no. 2, 2013, pp. 101-8.

Grell, K., et al. The Intracranial Distribution of Gliomas in Relation to Exposure from Mobile Phones: Analyses from the INTERPHONE Study. Am. J. Epidemiol, vol. 184, no. 11, 2016, pp. 818-28.

Hardell, L. and M. Carlberg. Mobile phone and cordless phone use and the risk for glioma – Analysis of pooled case-control studies in Sweden, 1997-2003 and 2007-2009. Pathophysiology, vol. 22, no. 1, 2015, pp. 1-13.

Hardell, L., M. Carlberg and Kjell H. Mild. Use of cellular telephones and brain tumour risk in urban and rural areas. Occup. Environ. Med., vol. 62, no. 6, 2005, pp. 390-4.

Hardell, L., M. Carlberg, F. Söderqvist and Kjell H. Mild. Pooled analysis of case-control studies on acoustic neuroma diagnosed 1997-2003 and 2007-2009 and use of mobile and cordless phones. Int. J. Oncol., vol. 43, no. 4, 2013a, pp. 1036-44.

Hardell, L., M. Carlberg, F. Söderqvist and Kjell H. Mild. Case-control study of the association between malignant brain tumours diagnosed between 2007 and 2009 and mobile and cordless phone use. Int. J. Oncol. 43(6), 2013b, pp. 1833-1845.

Carlberg, Michael and Lennart Hardell.“Decreased survival of glioma patients with astrocytoma grade IV (glioblastoma multiforme) associated with long-term use of mobile and cordless phones.”International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 11, no. 10, 2014, pp. 10790-805.

INTERPHONE Study Group. Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: results of the INTERPHONE international case-control study. Int. J. Epidemiol., vol. 39, no. 3, 2010, pp. 675-94.

Momoli, F., et al. Probabilistic Multiple-Bias Modeling Applied to the Canadian Data From the Interphone Study of Mobile Phone Use and Risk of Glioma, Meningioma, Acoustic Neuroma, and Parotid Gland Tumors. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2017; 186: 885–893. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx157

Moon, I.S., et al. Association between vestibular schwannomas and mobile phone use. Tumor Biol., vol. 35, no. 1, 2014, pp. 581-7. Navas-Acien, A., et al. Interactive Effect of Chemical Substances and Occupational Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Risk of Gliomas and Meningiomas in Swedish Men. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, vol. 11, 2002, pp. 1678–83.

Peleg, M. Report on a cancer cluster in an antenna ranges facility. IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems (COMCAS), 2009.

Peleg M, Nativ O, Richter ED. Radio frequency radiation-related cancer: assessing causation in the occupational/military setting. Environmental Research Vol 163, 2018, pp 123–133.

Lin JC. Clear evidence of cell-phone RF radiation cancer risk.IEEE Microwave Magazine. 19(6):16-24. Sep/Oct 2018. DOI: 10.1109/MMM.2018.2844058. Akhavan-Sigari R, Mazloum Farsi Baf M, Ariabod V, Rohde V, Rahighi S. Connection between Cell Phone use, p53 Gene Expression in Different Zones of Glioblastoma Multiforme and Survival Prognoses. Rare Tumors. 2014 Aug 8;6(3):5350. doi: 10.4081/rt.2014.5350. PMID: 25276320; PMCID: PMC4178273.

“the use of mobile phones for ≥3 hours a day show a consistent pattern of increased risk for the mutant type of p53 gene expression in the peripheral zone of the glioblastoma, and that this increase was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival time. The risk was not higher for ipsilateral exposure. We found that the mutant type of p53 gene expression in the peripheral zone of the glioblastoma was increased in 65% of patients using cell phones ≥3 hours a day.”